Hot shot trucking is an increasingly attractive option for independent drivers and small business owners looking to break into the freight industry. Unlike traditional trucking, hot shot drivers use heavy-duty pickup trucks and specialized trailers to transport time-sensitive loads. The model offers flexibility, quicker turnaround times, and often lower startup costs.
But before you get started, one of the most important decisions you’ll face is whether to operate under a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) or go the non-CDL route. This choice shapes everything from the loads you’re allowed to haul to your legal responsibilities and business potential.
In this guide, we’ll break down the essentials of both CDL and non-CDL hot shot trucking so you can make the right decision for your operation.
CDL Hot Shot Trucking
A CDL is required when the combined Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) of your truck and trailer exceeds 26,000 pounds. Most hot shot truckers who want to haul larger, heavier loads or scale their operations choose to operate under a CDL.
What It Takes:
To earn a CDL, you’ll need to pass a written knowledge test, a driving skills test, and a DOT medical exam. Depending on the freight you plan to haul, you may also need endorsements like Hazmat (H), Tanker (N), or Combination (X). Some states require you to attend a certified training program or log a minimum number of practice hours behind the wheel before you can test.
The Benefits:
The biggest advantage of CDL hot shot trucking is the ability to take on larger, more profitable loads. Brokers and shippers often prefer CDL drivers because they can legally haul heavier freight and typically demonstrate more training and professionalism. You’ll also be less restricted in the types of trailers and freight configurations you can run, opening the door to higher-paying opportunities.
CDL hot shot drivers are also better positioned for long-term business growth. The wider range of contracts available means you can build more consistent income streams and potentially expand into fleet operations if that’s your goal.
The Considerations:
Of course, there are more requirements and costs. CDL drivers must maintain logbooks, stop at weigh stations, and comply with stricter Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations. You’ll likely face higher insurance premiums due to the increased liability associated with hauling heavier loads. And the initial investment—training, testing fees, medical exams, and licensing—can be a barrier for some.
That said, many drivers find the higher earning potential justifies the additional time and cost. If you’re serious about building a scalable and competitive hot shot business, obtaining a CDL is often worth the investment.
Non-CDL Hot Shot Trucking
If you want to get started quickly and avoid the time and cost associated with CDL training and licensing, non-CDL hot shot trucking may be the right fit. You can legally operate a hot shot truck as long as the combined weight of your truck, trailer, and cargo stays under 26,000 pounds GVWR.
What It Takes:
There’s no need for a CDL, but you’ll still need to meet certain federal and state requirements. This includes obtaining a USDOT number, registering with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), carrying commercial insurance, and following Hours of Service (HOS) regulations. If you’re hauling across state lines for compensation, you’ll also need operating authority (MC number).
Most non-CDL operators use a ¾-ton or 1-ton pickup truck with a lighter trailer to stay within the weight limits. This makes the setup more affordable and allows drivers to get on the road faster.
The Benefits:
The biggest advantage of the non-CDL route is the lower barrier to entry. You can avoid expensive training and licensing requirements and potentially save thousands of dollars in upfront costs. For many drivers, this makes it easier to test the waters in the hot shot world without overcommitting.
Additionally, in certain states, non-CDL drivers may be exempt from stopping at weigh stations, which can make trips more efficient. And with fewer regulatory hurdles, day-to-day operations can feel simpler and more manageable—especially for solo drivers or owner-operators just getting started.
The Considerations:
However, non-CDL trucking comes with trade-offs. Most notably, you’re restricted by weight, which limits the types and sizes of loads you can legally haul. This can affect your ability to compete for higher-paying jobs and may require you to be more selective in the freight you pursue.
You also need to be vigilant about load planning. Even a small miscalculation could push you over the 26,000-pound limit, potentially leading to fines or out-of-service orders. It’s essential to weigh your equipment, cargo, fuel, and even passengers to ensure compliance.
While non-CDL operators face fewer rules, they’re not exempt from all regulations. You still must use an Electronic Logging Device (ELD) unless you qualify for an exemption, and you’ll need appropriate levels of insurance coverage—often a minimum of $750,000 in liability if you’re operating commercially.
Non-CDL hot shot trucking works well for drivers focused on local or regional loads, lighter freight, or part-time hauling. Some drivers start non-CDL and later upgrade to CDL as their business grows.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Do I need a CDL to operate a hot shot trucking business?
A CDL is required if your truck and trailer’s GVWR exceed 26,000 pounds. If your combined weight remains below this threshold, you can operate without a CDL.
How do I calculate my GVWR?
Your Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) is the total allowable weight of your truck, trailer, cargo, fuel, passengers, and all other equipment. This information is typically found in your vehicle’s manual and on the manufacturer’s label inside the driver-side door. (Blog)
Do I need an Electronic Logging Device (ELD) for non-CDL hot shot trucking?
Yes, non-CDL drivers must still comply with Hours of Service (HOS) regulations, meaning an ELD is required unless they qualify for an exemption.
What are the insurance requirements for non-CDL hot shot trucking?
Non-CDL truckers must carry commercial auto liability insurance, usually with a minimum coverage of $750,000. Cargo insurance may also be required depending on the type of freight being transported.
Can I upgrade from non-CDL to CDL hot shot trucking later?
Yes! Many truckers start as non-CDL and later obtain a CDL to increase their earning potential and expand their business.
Final Thoughts: CDL or Non-CDL?
There’s no one-size-fits-all answer when choosing between CDL and non-CDL hot shot trucking. If you’re looking for higher earning potential, the ability to haul heavier freight, and more room for growth, investing in a CDL is a smart move. If you want to start quickly, spend less upfront, and handle smaller loads, the non-CDL route may be a better fit.
Either way, success in hot shot trucking depends on more than just your license. Your equipment matters just as much—especially your trailer. Buckeye Trailers builds high-quality, durable trailers for both CDL and non-CDL drivers, designed to keep you compliant, efficient, and profitable on the road.